Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology

Register      Login

VOLUME 4 , ISSUE 1 ( January-June, 2014 ) > List of Articles

REVIEW ARTICLE

The Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hikmet Akkiz

Citation Information : Akkiz H. The Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol 2014; 4 (1):45-50.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1095

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 01-01-2013

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2014; The Author(s).


Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is common malignancy and a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Recent epidemiological data have demonstrated that liver cancer incidence is continuously rising and will continue to do so for more than a decade, not only South Africa and Mainland China but also in North America and Europe. Molecular profiling of changes in gene expression has improved our understanding of the HCC mechanism. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small regulatory RNAs that function to modulate protein expression. This control allows for fine-tuning of the cellular phenotype, including regulation of proliferation, cell signaling and apoptosis. Recently, investigators have demonstrated decreased or increased expression of particular miRNAs in hepatobiliary cancer cells. Many studies have highlighted the role of miRNA in physiological processes and cancer development. Several studies have reported that some miRNAs may play a role in the development and progression of HCC. Recent investigations have suggested that the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in miRNA genes, their processing machinery and target binding sites affect cancer risk, treatment efficacy and patient prognosis. This review will discuss the emerging critical role of miRNAs in hepatocarcinogenesis, HCC progression and clinical outcome.


PDF Share
  1. Parkin DM, Bray F, Pisani P. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA. Cancer J Clin 2005;55:74-108
  2. Rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United states. N Eng J Med 1999;340:745-750
  3. The continuing increase in the incidence of hepatocellular carci-noma in the United States: an update. Ann Intern Med 2003;139:817-823
  4. Hepatocellular cancer: therapy and prevention. World J Gastroenterol 2005;11:7391-7400
  5. Mechanisms of HBV-related hepatocarcinogenesis. J Hepatol 2010;52(4):594-604
  6. New aspects of diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2006;25(27):3848-3856
  7. New therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2006;25(27):3866-3884
  8. Therapeutics Based on microRNAs: A New Approach for Liver Cancer. Current Genomics. 2010;11:311-325
  9. Molecular pathogenesis of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Genet 2002;31(4):339-346
  10. microRNAs: Fad or future of liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2011;20:2536- 2542
  11. Gene expression in fixed tissues and outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma. N Eng J Med 2008;359(19):1995-2004
  12. Role of alpha-fetoprotein in the diagnosis and management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999;14(Suppl):S32-36. The Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Euroasian Journal of Hepato-Gastroenterology, January-June 2014;4(1):45-50 49 EJOHG 13. Yamashita T, Ji J, Budhu A, Forgues M, et al. EpCAM-positive hepatocellular carcinoma cells are tumor-initiating cells with stem progenitor cell features. Gastroenterology 2009;136:1012- 1024
  13. Human hepatic stem cells from fetal and postnatal donors. J Exp Med 2007;204(8):1973-1987
  14. EpCAM, a new marker for cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2010; 52(2):280-281
  15. MicroRNA and hepatocellular carcinoma: biology and prognostic significance. Minerva Gastroenetrol Dietol 2011;57(3):257-271
  16. Cyclin G1 is a target of miR-122a, a microRNA frequently downregulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 2007; 67(13):6092-6099
  17. MicroRNAs involved in tumor suppressor and oncogene pathways: implications for hepatobiliary neoplasia. Hepatology 2009;50(2):630-637
  18. Genetic variation in microRNA networks: the implications for cancer research. Nature Reviews Cancer 2010;10(6):392-402
  19. Emerging roles of microRNA in the intracellular signaling networks of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011;26(3):437-450
  20. Mechanisms of microRNA deregulation in human cancer. Cell Cycle 2008; 7(17):2643-2646
  21. MicroRNAs: biogenesis and molecular functions. Brain Pathol 2008;18(1):113-121
  22. Microarray analysis shows that some microRNAs downregulate large numbers of target mRNAs. Nature 2005;433(7027):769-773
  23. c-Mycregulated microRNAs modulate E2F1 expression. Nature 2005; 435(7043):839-843
  24. Widespread microRNA repression by Myc contributes to tumorigenesis. Nat Genet 2008; 40(1):43-50
  25. SMAD proteins control DRO-SHA-mediated microRNA maturation. Nature 2008;454(7200):56-61
  26. MicroRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase II. EMBO J 2004;23(20):4051- 4060
  27. The impact of microRNAs on protein output. Nature 2008;455(7029):64-71
  28. MicroRNA maturation stepwise processing and subcellular localization. EMBO J 2002; 21(17):4663-4670
  29. MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancers. Nature 2005;435(7043):834-838
  30. Emerging role of microRNA in liver disease. WJ Gastroenterol 2009;15(45):5633-5640
  31. Systematic evaluation of microRNA processing patterns in tissues, cell lines, and tumors. RNA 2008;14(1):35-42
  32. Downregulation of miR-122 in the rodent and human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2006;99(3):671-678
  33. MicroRNA-21 regulates expression of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in human hepatocellular cancer. Gastroenterology 2007;133(2):647-678
  34. MicroRNAs: target recognition and regulatory functions. Cell 2009;136:215-233
  35. Modulation of hepatitis C virus RNA abundance by a liver-specific micro- RNA. Science 2005;309(5740):1577-1581
  36. Cellular factors affecting hepatitis C virus infection and replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007;104(31):12884-12889
  37. Plasma microRNA-122 as a biomarker for viral, alcohol, and chemical-related hepatic disease. Clin Chem 2010;56(12):1830-1838
  38. MicroRNA signatures in liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2009;15(14):1665-1672
  39. microRNA-122 stimulates translation of hepatitis C virus RNA. EMBO J 2008; 27(24):3300-3310
  40. Decreased levels of microRNA miR-122 in individuals with hepatitis C responding poorly to interferon therapy. Nat Med 2009;15(1):31-33
  41. Interferon modulation of cellular microRNAs as an antiviral mechanism. Nature 2007;449(7164):919-922
  42. Computational identification of hepatitis C virus associated microRNA-mRNA regulatory modules in human livers. BMC Genomics 2009;10:373-378
  43. Differential microRNA expression between hepatitis B and hepatitis C leading disease progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2009;49(4):1098-1112
  44. MicroRNA gene expression profile of hepatitis C virus-associated heaptocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2008;47(4):1223-1232
  45. New kids on the block. Cancer Biol Therapy 2009;8(18):1683-1690
  46. Comprehensive analysis of microRNA expression patterns in hepatocellular carcinoma and non-tumorous tissues. Oncogene 2006;25(17):2537-2545
  47. Association of microRNA expression in hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatitis infection, cirrhosis and patient survival. Clin Cancer Res 2008;14(2):419-427
  48. Diagnostic and prognostic implication of microRNAs in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2008;123(7):1616-1622
  49. MicroRNA-101, downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma, promotes apoptosis and suppresses tumorigenicity. Cancer Res 2009;69(3):1135-1142
  50. Identification of metastasis-related microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2008;47(3):897-907
  51. Upregulation of miR-23a approximately 24 decreases transforming growth factor Hikmet Akkiz 50 beta-induced tumor-suppressor activities in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Cancer 2008;123:972-978
  52. MicroRNA-223 is commonly repressed in hepatocellularcarcinoma and potentiates expression of Statlimin 1. Gastroenterology 2008;135(1):257-269
  53. MicroRNA expression profilling: a molecular tool for defining the phenotype of hepatocellular tumors. Hepatology 2008;47:1807-1809
  54. MicroRNA profiling in hepatocellular tumors is associated clinical features and oncogene tumor suppressor gene mutations. Hepatology 2008;47:1955-1963
  55. The role of microRNAs in liver cancer progression. British J Cancer 2011;104(2):235-245
  56. miR-221 and 222 regulate TRAIL resistance and enhance tumorigenicity through PTEN and TIMP3 downregulation. Cancer Cell 2009;16:498-509
  57. TGF-beta-mediated upregulation of hepatic miR-181b promotes hepatocarcinogenesis by targeting TIMP3. Oncogene 2010;29:1787-1797
  58. Gain of miR-151 on chromosome 8q24.3 facilitates tumour cell migration and spreading through downregulation RhoGDIA. Nat Cell Biol 2010;12(4):390-399
  59. MicroRNA- 30d promotes tumor invasion and metastasis by targeting Galphai2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2010;51(3): 846-856
  60. MicroRNA-122 inhibits tumorigenic properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and sensitizes these cells to sorafenib. J Biol Chem 2009;284(46):32015-32027
  61. MicroRNA-122, a tumor suppressor microRNA that regulates intrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2009;49(5):1571-1582
  62. Metilation mediated silencing of microRNA-1 gene and its role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancer Res 2008;68(13):5049- 5058
  63. miR-34a inhibits migration and invasion by down-regulation of c-Met expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2009;275(1):44-53
  64. MicroRNA-23b mediates urokinase and c-Met downmodulation and a decreased migration of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. FEBS J 2009;276(11):2966-2982
  65. miR-199a-3p regulates mTOR and c-Met to influence the doxorubicin sensitivity of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Res 2010;70(12):5184-5193
  66. Human polymorphism at micro-RNAs and microRNA target sites. Proct Natl Acad Sci USA 2007;104(9):3300-3305
  67. A functional polymorphism in premicroRNA-196a-2 contributes to the susceptibility of heaptocellular carcinoma in Turkish population: a case-control study. J Viral Hepat 2010;18(7):399-407
  68. No association of premicroRNA-146a rs2910164 polymorphism and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development in Turkish population: a case control study. Gene 2011;486(1-2):104-109.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.