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VOLUME 14 , ISSUE 1 ( January-June, 2024 ) > List of Articles

Original Article

Healthcare-associated Diarrhea due to Clostridioides difficile in Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India

Nikhil Raj, Jyotsna Agarwal, Vikramjeet Singh, Manodeep Sen, Anupam Das

Keywords : Clostridioides difficile, Diarrhea, Healthcare-associated infection, Glutamate dehydrogenase

Citation Information : Raj N, Agarwal J, Singh V, Sen M, Das A. Healthcare-associated Diarrhea due to Clostridioides difficile in Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India. Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol 2024; 14 (1):60-64.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1429

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 12-06-2024

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2024; The Author(s).


Abstract

Background: Healthcare-associated diarrhea (HCAD) is diarrhea that develops at least after 3 days of hospitalization, with the most common infectious cause being Clostridioides difficile. Over the last decade, there has been a remarkable growth in the frequency and severity of C. difficile infection (CDI), making it one of the most prevalent healthcare-associated infections. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and risk factors associated with CDI. Materials and methods: A total of 107 patients with clinical suspicion of having HCAD were included in this study. Enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA) technique-based glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and toxin A/B assay were used as per the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) for diagnosing CDI. The details about associated comorbidities were retrieved from the hospital information system records. The presence of risk factors was noted. Risk factors associated with CDI were looked for. Results: Out of the 107 stool samples received in the microbiology laboratory from patients with suspected HCAD eight (7.6%) samples were positive for CDI. The most frequent comorbidity observed in these patients was renal illness (acute or chronic kidney disease). In this study, a total of 7/8 cases were on multiple antibiotics most common being carbapenem. Conclusion: The 6-year prevalence of CDI observed in this study was found to be 7.6% risk factors, associated with CDI were kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, malignancy, and exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics.

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