Scientific Insights for Drug Development Based on Normal Habitat of Tribal Population of Manipur: An Observational Study Regarding the Implication of “Houttuynia cordata”
Mohammad Abdur Rahim, Swapan Kumar Singha, Syed Abul Foez, Sunia Sinha, Sheikh Mohammad Noor-E-Alam, Dulal Chandra Das, Faysal Ahmed, Musarrat Mahtab
Citation Information :
Rahim MA, Singha SK, Foez SA, Sinha S, Noor-E-Alam SM, Das DC, Ahmed F, Mahtab M. Scientific Insights for Drug Development Based on Normal Habitat of Tribal Population of Manipur: An Observational Study Regarding the Implication of “Houttuynia cordata”. Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol 2023; 13 (2):142-144.
The development of new and novel drugs starts following a path of targeting possible candidate drug, elucidation their mechanism of action, animal studies, and finally after the completion of phases I/II and III clinical trials. The fundamental raw materials of drugs may be synthetic substances or plants. Many plants are habitually used in many countries as food or for the remedy of diseases. We found that a tribal population of Bangladesh use an herbal plant regularly and this plant has been shown to have potential positive effect for management of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The present observation assessed the incidence and fatality of this community inhabitants due to COVID-19. Although a conclusion cannot be reached due to small sample size, this approach and theological concept may be helpful for the development, discovery, and innovation of new drugs for different pathological conditions.
Lai CC, Ko WC, Lee PI, et al. Extra-respiratory manifestations of COVID-19. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020;56(2):106024. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106024.
Ahmad A, Ishtiaq SM, Khan JA, et al. COVID-19 and comorbidities of hepatic diseases in a global perspective. World J Gastroenterol 2021;27(13):1296–1310. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i13.1296.
Levy E, Stintzi A, Cohen A, et al. Critical appraisal of the mechanisms of gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary infection by COVID-19. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021;321(2):G99–G112. DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00106.2021.
Canatan D, Vives Corrons JL, De Sanctis V. The Multifacets of COVID-19 in adult patients: A concise clinical review on pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations for healthcare physicians. Acta Biomed 2020;91(4):e2020173. DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i4.10665.
Faizul Huq AKM, Al Mahtab M, Choudhury N, et al. Healthcare for non-COVID-19 liver disease patients during the Covid-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: Current trend and future implications. J Family Med Prim Care 2020;9(8):4499–4501. DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_964_20.
Ochani R, Asad A, Yasmin F, et al. COVID-19 pandemic: from origins to outcomes. A comprehensive review of viral pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluation, and management. Infez Med 2021;29(1):20–36. PMID: 33664170.
Sharma A, Ahmad Farouk I, Lal SK. COVID-19: A review on the novel coronavirus disease evolution, transmission, detection, control and prevention. Viruses 2021;13(2):202. DOI: 10.3390/v13020202.
WHO Coronavirus Dash Board. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/table. (accessed on 10th October 2023).
Viteri G, Díaz de Mera Y, Rodríguez A, et al. Impact of SARS-CoV-2 lockdown and de-escalation on air-quality parameters. Chemosphere 2021;265:129027. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129027.
Richter D, Riedel-Heller S, Zürcher SJ. Mental health problems in the general population during and after the first lockdown phase due to the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic: Rapid review of multi-wave studies. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2021;30:e27. DOI: 10.1017/S2045796021000160.
Tregoning JS, Flight KE, Higham SL, et al. Progress of the COVID-19 vaccine effort: Viruses, vaccines and variants versus efficacy, effectiveness and escape. Nat Rev Immunol 2021;21(10):626–636. DOI: 10.1038/s41577-021-00592-1.
Patel R, Kaki M, Potluri VS, et al. Comprehensive review of SARS-CoV 2 vaccines: Pfizer, Moderna & Johnson & Johnson. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022;18(1):2002083. DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021. 2002083.
Kushwaha ND, Mohan J, Kushwaha B, et al. A comprehensive review on the global efforts on vaccines and repurposed drugs for combating COVID-19. Eur J Med Chem 2023;260:115719. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115719.
Drożdżal S, Rosik J, Lechowicz K, et al. An update on drugs with therapeutic potential for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) treatment. Drug Resist Updat 2021;59:100794. DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100794.
Kim SJ. COVID-19 Drug development. Microbiol Biotechnol 2022;32(1):1–5. DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2110.10029.
Tarighi P, Eftekhari S, Chizari M, et al. A review of potential suggested drugs for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2021;895:173890. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173890.
Disease X: How AI could help plan our response to future pandemics. Available from: https://www.euronews.com/next/2023/09/29/disease-x-how-ai-could-help-plan-our-response-to-future-pandemics.
Singha, Ranjit Bangladesh Manipuri bhasha o sahitta, prothom prakash, Ajkal Prakashani 38/4 Banglabazar Dhaka 1100, chinmoy Paul 2018;11–17.
Zhang B, Qi F. Herbal medicines exhibit a high affinity for ACE2 in treating COVID-19. Biosci Trends 2023;17(1):14–20. DOI: 10.5582/bst.2022.01534.
Abbas HS, Abd-Elhakeem MM, Abd El Galil RM, et al. Natural immunomodulators treat the cytokine storm in SARS-CoV-2. Adv Pharm Bull 2023;13(1):79–87. DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.006.
Chang KW, Lin TY, Fu SL, et al. A Houttuynia cordata-based Chinese herbal formula improved symptoms of allergic rhinitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Chin Med Assoc 2022;85(6):717–722. DOI: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000732
Bahadur Gurung A, Ajmal Ali M, Lee J, et al. Identification of SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors from extracts of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021;28(12):7517–7527. DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.100.
Adhikari B, Marasini BP, Rayamajhee B, et al. Potential roles of medicinal plants for the treatment of viral diseases focusing on COVID-19: A review. Phytother Res 2021;35(3):1298–1312. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6893.
